Eteina - Nga Āhuatanga me ngā Whakaritenga o te Rōpū
Naturally a colorless gas with no odor, ethane kei roto i te whanonga alkanes he toru atu ranei ko nga taonga o te whenua me ono o nga taonga o te rangi ka whakamahia tenei ki te hanga rorohiko me etahi atu whare hanganga. He maha nga whenua hoki i pai ai i te Ethane.
Kei te pai rawa te mea nui mo te ethane, inaianei mo matou, ko te mea heoi kaore he nuinga ka whakaritea he wai ka maroke mai... poof! Ka puta he pai tenei mo te haere tonu me te whakarato. Ko te ethane he whenua kino e taea ana te whakaataki, ka whai whakatetonga hei uru mo te whakaputa waewae, te whakawehenga me te kai. Ko tenei he mea nui hoki ki te hanga o tetahi whenua ingoa ethylene, ka whakamahia anake hei hanga mo ngā pakeke.
Kei te nui ngā tono mō te eteina i runga i te ao. Ko tēnei nā te hanga atu o ngā mea e whai pūmau ana i te pākete, e whiwhi ai hoki i te nuinga o ngā tono mō te eteina. Heoi, he rereke ngā hokinga kei roto i te ao eteina e whakaruretia ana te oranga. Nā te huringa o ngā utu mō te para me te ga, ka whakatupu i te kore whakaaro mai i te taha pakihi, inahea ko te kore whanui o ngā tikanga. Ā, ko te pātai anō hei whakaata hoki i te whāinga o te whakamahi eteina ki te taiao.
Te utu taiao mō te whakamahi me te whakaputa eteina
Eteina - te pai me te kino mō te taiao. Hei tauira, tērā tētahi āheinga kei te pai te whakamahi eteina i runga i te rainga me te para rānei hei hanga i te waihanga; e noho nei he aha kē, ka whaitake i ētahi hāpai kino i runga i te rangi. Heoi, ko te whakaputa eteina me te whakahokia he mea e whakawhaiti ana i ngā pūnaha ā-wāhi, ā, ka puta anō he mea kino ki te rangi. Ki te pai te whakamahi eteina, ka kitea e ngā kaihokohoko ngā huarahi hei whakatipu i tana paunga.
Ko tēhea he mea pai rawa mō te whare (kei runga i te hā).
Tae atu ki te aroaro, ko ngā mea e pai ana hei whakamahana, hei tiaki kai, engari kei te pai ake tētahi i tetahi. Kei te pai hoki te eteina ki te whai ai i te poraka, nā reira kei te pai mō te tiaki kai i te ahi nui. Kei te waimateoa anō, nā reira kei te pai hei whakamahi mo nga mahi waahi maru nei pēnei i te whakapā.
Kei te whiwhi i te eteina iwi nei i te hangarau me etahi raraunga hou, nā reira kei te whakawhanake tōna whanaketanga. He mea nui hoki te eteina ki te etihene, me te āwhina a te rā me te hau. Ka whakapuhia hoki te eteina hei tauhere motokā hei whakaataki i ngā manawa o mua. Kāore pea i mua i tēnei ka whakatūhia e ngā komiti i te eteina mai i raro i te whenua me te whakahoa i te nui o te whakatū i te ao. He nuinga ngā whakamahi mō te eteina, engari kāore tātou e taea te whakamahi i a ia ki te kore whakawāhitia i te kino ki tō tātou whenua.
Ko te etane he waea kore whaiaro, kore rākau i te maha o ngā hiranga mahi hei whakamahere i tēnā mea nei i runga i ana āhuatanga e whai ake nei i ngā painga nui. Ko te etane e rua ngā toto moana me ono ngā toto hāpai, ko te alkanē tētahi. Ko te hī i runga i ēnei whenua i whakatupu mai i te ao taketake Rōma, engari kāore i te wa i muri i ngā hīnga Saksana i whakaheke i te kirikiri ki te tahuhu whakarite noa iho hei wāhi whakaae kia whakamahia tonu hei uru. Ko te kōrero e whakamahi ana ngā tangata pūmau pērā i a Richard Cobden rānei ko ngā whakapae e paihere ana i a Tīnana, India rānei rānei ko ētahi atu whenua ka whakahokia te kino whanui ki ō rātau taiao me ngā iwi whakangungu. Kāore he mea nui rawa atu i te take "whakarongo" nei nā te pūtake o te karboniha e whai ana mai i ngā kaupapa pakipaki.
He nui te painga o te whakamahi i te eteina i te mea ka taea e ia te huri i te hā oneone ki te uku i waenganui i ngā momo pūtau iti me ngā wāhi mōhio. Ko tēnei āhuatanga he mea nui kia pai ai te whakamahi i roto i te tuku mai me te timata. Nā te mea hoki ko te eteina he mea nui noa iho hei huringa mō ngā mea maha, pērā i te whakawhanake taiao, te whakarara me te purei kai. Ka taea hoki e te eteina te whakamahia hei whatu hononga mō te whakaputa i te etilini, e noho ana hei tūrangi matua mo ngā rauropi.
Ka nui ake te rorohiko o te eteina i runga i te ao nui nei i waenganui i te tono mo ngā poraka hokohoko whatu i te motokā i waenganui i ngā tono motokā, pakiri me te hangaiwhanga. Heoi anō, kei reira ngā huarere e pa ana ki ngā ture me ngā utu kai me ngā pūtau e whakarerekētia ana i te wāhi mahi mō ngā pakihi. Ko ēnei ngā whakaaro e whakamahia ana hoki hei whakamarama i te hiahia mo te tirotiro haere me te tirotiro i ngā huarere e pā ana ki te whakahau me te whakamahi i te eteina.
Te Whakamataki i te Whakamahi me te Whakahau Eteina - He Wāhanga Tiaki Taiao
Nō ngā pūngao ā-waiora o te whakamahi i te eteina me te hoko, he rautaki porihanga nui i waenganui i ngā pai me ngā kino. Ko te eteina noaiho he waihanga katoa rawa atu me te kotahi tonu ki te pūmau i tēnei take hei whakarite i te kauwaha me te papa whenua hei take waihanga, engari kāore i te whakamahere i tana hoko (tērā kei roto i te pūnaho hau) e hiahiatia ana e ngā pūmotu e whakamahia nei i te hunga kuhu; ā, ka puta ano he iti nui ki waho i te kuhu mai o te eteina (i te waipiro i te pakitara kia tuatahitia) ki runga i ngā kāpiti i runga i ngā kā. Koina anō, ko te mahi i te eteina mai i te eteina e whakaputaina ana i ngā pūngao whakawhaiti me te whakaputa anō i te nui ake o te karbona-diohide ki te rangi. Ki te whakaititia ēnei pūngao ā-waiora i te pai, ka whai muri te hunga whakangungu i te hanga i ngā momo hangarau matika me te take waihanga kē.
He Aha te Pūniho Nui Rawa ki te Whakamahi i te Kāinga
Ki te mea ethane he kiko kotahi nui rawa i runga i te propane, ka mutu te whakapae kei a rātou he wāhi e pai ana hei mata oha mō te whakamahinga i roto i ngā tūmomo whare, ka hoki ki ō rātou āhuatanga tuatahi. Ko te ethane ka whakamahiia mō ngā tūnga whatitiri nui, pērā i ngā karaehe ara me ngā waiporoporo, nā tana āhua kīhai i te tahuri me te whakawehenga o te wera. Ngā against ko te propane he tino pai rawa hei whakamahi mō ngā whakamahinga puta waho, pērā i te kaihangi me te haerehere, ki reira kāore i te hanga i te rākau o te wāhi (nāwai ka noho ai tō whare) nā tana āhua kaweake me tana āhuatanga whakaiti.
Hei whakarite hou ngā wāhanga hei whakaū i te rōpū eteina, ko ngā hanga me te āheinga hou e tū mai nei. I tērā iwi o Karifōnia, ko Newlight Technologies te kaiwhakahoki i tūhitia i ngā marama o Hānuere i te whakatūhia e ia he taumaha hei hanga i te etilini i runga i ngā pūngao whakatika, pēnei i te wāterea me te hau maru. E kite ana hoki i te eteina hei āhuatanga (CNG) mō te haere tonu, ka meinga ratou ka taea e ia te whakahawe i ngā tahutahu me ngā raruraru hāpori. Nā te mea hoki, kei te whakamahi ngā kaihanga ki ngā whakaaetanga matua hei whakapai i te mahi hanga me te whakahaere i te eteina, ko te whakatika i ngā whakahaere herehere hoki hei whakapai i te whakahaere me te tiaki i te wai whaiwhai. Ko te nui me te nuinga o te eteina i waenganui i ngā whakaritenga kua whakanuia hoki tana whakamahinga whai, ko te whakamahinga pai ka taea i te wā e hiahia ana tātou ki te tiaki i te taiao whakatika, ko ngā paunga hoki e hiahia ana tātou ki te whiwhi i aua paunga.
AGEM he pūnaha whakamahi me te hanga ngahau rāngai hoki i Aotearoa Hōu tai ki Taiwani me te maha tonu o ngā tau 25 o te mātauranga hanga me te rangahau i tēnei rohe, ko te āhuatanga kua kitea kei a rātou i te rohe o ngā ngahau matatika, ngahau pūkaha, whakarite me ngā ngahau matatika i waenganui i te ao i waenga i ono takiwa: Taiwani - Tī Kāhikina (Te Kaunihi, Te Pūnaha Rangahau me te Whirinaki) India - Mombāia, Vadodara, Coimbatore, Pune, Bengaluru, Delhi Kiingitanga Hōu - Wuhan Iti-Mutunga - Dubai & Kingdom o Saudi Arabia Ingarangi - Kambridge Ko ō rātou whakatere ngahau e whai ake ana i te whakamātau matatika, te whakapuare me te whakatakoto, te whakamatakitaki i ngā hoko, te kawe me te whakapakari, te hanga rārangi, me te whakamahi.
Ke mohio ana te AGEM ngā hiahia āhuarangi o ia kaimahi i roto i te wāhanga o ngā hāpara āhuarangi, pēnei i ngā hāpara tautuhinga. Hei tēnei, e whakawhiwhi ana mātou i ngā whakariki tūmatawhiti hei whakamana i ngā hiahia āhuarangi o ā mātou mokinga. Ki te hiahia koe ki tētahi taupānga whenuatairere, rahi o te karaka, rānei ko te whiringa whiuwhe, ka taea e te AGEM te mahi ngātahi ki ngā mokinga hei whakatika i a rātau take ki ngā hiahia āhuarangi o koutou. Ka whaiwhaitia e tēnei momo whakatauki i ngā karaka hāpara e pai rawa mo to koutou tono taurite, me te whakangungu i te wehewehe me te wehenga o te nui. Kāore te raupapa o AGEM i te taeke ki ngā hāpara tautuhinga. Ko te pukapuka o AGEM he Hydrocarbon Gases, Halocarbons, Chemical Gases rānei ko ngā Hāpara Iti. Ka taea e koe te whakapono, kei reira AGEM te hāpara e hiahiatia nei e koe.
Ke tautoko AGEM i roa atu o ngā wīrea kriogenika, e āhei ana ki te whakahaere i ngā hāpai mōhuhu matua me ngā upoko wai, pērā i te upoko hāwera, argon, karboni dīhaidere, nītropena, me te nītropena okisa. Nga pai a AGEM: Kei te whakamahi tātou i ngā tapa me ngā rākau whakauru pai utu, kia uhi i te hiranga. Whakamahi i ngā rākau tiaki hā ki te tiaki i te hā, me whakamana i te whakamahi i te hā iti i rohe o te hāwera. He rautaki tiaki pai mō te tiaki i te mahi. Kei te tuku tātou i roa atu o ngā wīrea kriogenika hei whakarite i ngā wai mōhuhu matua e whakamahi ana i te ao kotahi. Raro rahi: 80L/100L/175L/195L/210L/232L/410L/500L/1000L Mahi Pai: 1.37MPa/2.3MPa/2.88MPa/3.45MPa. Temperetūra hanga i waenganui o te kaiarahi -196. Hanganga o te kaiarahi ko te karaeke: -20oC+50oC. Tāpae Miniti: Tāpae kōwhiri hokohoko. Kaiwhakamahere: LO2, LN2, LAr, LCO2, LNG
Mō te etāne, ko te mea nui rawa kei te whakaputu i te hau he tūranga nui rawa, mā reira ka whakamahi tātou i te whakamātau pūnaha i runga i ngā rima taimana hei whakatakoto i te pai. Kei a tātou he wāhanga hanga tuatahi me te kawa pai whakahaere, ā, he pūnaha hoki mō ngā ratonga muri i te hoko. Ko tēnei e whakamanahia ana e tātou kia kitea e ngā manaaki i te pai. Ko tā tātou whakaaro ki te mahi pai me te pai, he mea nui rawa nei i a tātou. Kei waenganui i a tātou he kaihanga pai, ka taea ai te āwhina i a koutou, kia tae koutou ki tō koutou whiwhinga pai rawa. He mea tētuhi tā tātou, ko te āwhina 24-ūra, 7-rā i te wiki - mā reira ka āwhina tātou i a koutou i a koutou wā, i a koutou rā.